Lipoic acid 0.1%, hypromellose 0.3% ophthalmic solution

It has been definitively ascertained that diabetes causes serious problems to the eyes, not only to the retina but also to other structures in the eye.
Diabetes also causes alterations to the surface of the eye which can lead to damage to the corneal epithelium and the onset of diseases which can compromise quality of life.

These alterations are mainly due to both an imbalance in tear secretion and damage to the cornea innervations.
When the sensitive innervation of the cornea is compromised this results in altered communication between the cornea and the lachrymal glands, with repercussions for their functioning.

The integrity of the corneal nerve pathways is therefore important to guarantee the physiological production of the lachrymal film, whilst damage to these pathways can cause lachrymal hyposecretion of varying degrees. This could be followed by an alteration to the cornea surface and the manifestation of a pathological form known internationally as diabetic keratopathy.

Eye dryness manifests itself in diabetics a few years after the onset of the illness, and therefore, given the often advanced age of patients, may be initially evaluated as classical senile dry eye syndrome which is due, as is well known, to degeneration of the structures involved in the maintenance of the functional physiological equilibrium of the lachrymal film.

Lachrymal hyposecretion in diabetics is different however to other forms of dry eye syndrome and as a result, treatment requires a product which is not a simple tear substitute.

Precise studies of a pathogenetic and clinical nature regarding alterations to the eye surface in diabetics have led to the development of TIORETIN® eyedrops, a preparation based on lipoic acid.
Lipoic acid is a powerful antioxidant which, as has been widely reported in literature, acts to protect and regenerate enzyme complexes of fundamental importance for the cell, such as the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, thus encouraging the improvement or repair of physiological cell metabolism.
Furthermore, it also contributes to the restoration of the biological effects of essential vitamins such as vitamin E and vitamin C.
Because of its pharmacokinetic properties and thanks also to the fact that it is a small molecule, lipoic acid easily reaches the anatomical areas where it has its important biological effect.

TIORETIN^® eyedrops, as a result of the properties of lipoic acid, can, as such, have a positive effect as an epithelio-protector and neuroprotector of the cornea. The pre-established aim of TIORETIN® eyedrops is that of:
- helping to prevent the degeneration of the corneal epithelium;
- maintaining the efficiency of the sensitive corneal nerve endings;
- maintaining the physiological production of the lachrymal film.

TIORETIN^® eyedrops are also made up of hypromellose, a polymer with a lubricant effect, which is able to stabilize the lachrymal film due to its mucomimetic properties, thus helping to maintain the integrity of the tissues bathed in lachrymal fluid.

TIORETIN^® eyedrops is a multi-dose preparation which contains an innovative preservative system which has a bactericide and antimicotic effect (N-IG + EDTA) and has been shown to be non-sensitizing, non-irritant and non-epitheliotoxic for the eye surface.

TIORETIN^® are the first eyedrops to be specifically developed for diabetics.

INDICATIONS
An ophthalmic solution which stabilizes and restores the lachrymal film in the event of histological corneo-conjunctival alterations caused by unbalance of the oxido-reductive cellular potential and an accumulation of free radicals on the eye surface.
This product is particularly useful for conditions of oxidative stress:
- of a metabolic nature (diabetic pathology linked to age)
- of a physico-chemical nature.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Instill 1-2 drops into the conjunctival sac 2-3 times a day, or more, according to doctor’s instructions.

PACKAGE
8 ml bottle.