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LACRISEK spray

- Lacrisek is an eyewash spray based on liposomes with vitamins A and E and is indicated in the treatment of dry eye syndrome.
80% of cases of dry eye are of the evaporative kind due to an alteration in the lipid layer of the lachrymal film which has the function of protecting the underlying watery layer. When the lipid layer is altered, evaporation of the watery layer increases significantly.

The main causes of lachrymal hyperosmolarity may be due to reduced lachrymal flow, deriving from altered production and/or increased evaporation.
The lipid molecules which form the superficial layer of the lachrymal film are produced by the Meibomian glands in the upper and lower eyelids.
Thanks to the opening and closing movement of the eyelids and following on from this, they spread onto the lachrymal film where they form and supplement the lipid layer.

The main pathogenetic mechanisms of dry eye are: perosmolarity and instability of the lachrymal film.
Approximately 15% of all secretions from the Meibomian glands are made up of polar lipids, 70% of these polar lipids are phospholipids.

Lacrisek stabilizes the lipid layer of the lachrymal film and improves and regulates the lubrication of the eye surface.

The means of administration, that is, a spray solution which is applied to each eye keeping the eyelids closed, is entirely new and avoids the problems associated with the classical application of eyedrops.

You only have to spray Lacrisek and the liposomes it contains are added to and supplement the lipids in the lachrymal film via the palpebral rima; a single application is enough to re-establish the functional integrity of the lipid layer of the lachrymal film.
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 Bibliography

1 Bron AJ, Tiffany JM. The meibomian glands and tear film lipids. In: Sullivan D et al (Hrsg). Lacrimal Gland, Tear Film, and Dry Eye Syndromes 2. New York: Plenum Press, 1998: 281 -295

2 Chew CKS, Jansweijer . Tiffany JM et al. An instrument for quantifying meibomian lipid on the lid margin: the Meibometer. Curr Eye Res 1993; 12: 247-254

3 Dinslage S, Stoffel W. Diestelhorst M et al. Tolerability and safety of two new preservative-free tear film substitutes. Cornea 2002; 21: 352-355

4 Heiligenhaus A, Koch JM, Kemper D et al. Therapie von Benetzungsstörungen. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1994; 204: 162-168

5 Heiligenhaus A, Koch JM. Kruse FE et al. Diagnostik und Differenzierung von Benetzungsstörungen. Ophthalmologe 1995; 92: 6-11

6 Glasgow BJ, Abduragimov AR, Farahbakhsh Z et al. Tear lipocalin bind a broad array of lipid ligands. Curr Eye Res 1995; 14: 363-372

7 Glasgow BJ, Marshall G, Gasymov OK et al. Tear lipocalin: Potential lipid scavengers of the cornea1 surface. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999; 40: 3100-3107

8 Goto E, Endo K, Suzuki A et al. Tear Evaporation Dynamics in Normal Subjects and Subjects with Obstructive Meibomian Gland Dysfunction. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003; 44: 533-539

9 Goto E, Shimazaki J, Monden Y et al. Low-concentration homogenized castor oil eye drops for noninflamed obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 2030- 2035

10 Greiner JV, Glonek T, Korb DR et al. Meibomian gland phospholipids. Curr Eye Res 1996; 15: 371-375

11 GreinerJV, Glonek T, Korb DR et al. Phospholipids in meibomian gland secretions. Ophthalmic Res 1996; 28: 44-49

12 Kidd PM. Dietary phospholipids as anti-aging nutraceuticals. In: Klatz RA, Goldman R (Hrsg). Anti-Aging Medical Therapeutics. Chicago, IL: Health Quest Publications; 2000: 283-301

13 Korb DR, Greiner JV, Glonek T. The effects of anionic and zwitterionic phospholipids on the tear film lipid layer. In: Sullivan D et al (Hrsg). Lacrimal Gland, Tear Film, and Dry Eye Syndromes 3. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2002: 495-499

14 Lieber CS, Leo MA. Polyenylphosphatidylcholine decreases alcohol-induced oxidative stress in the baboon. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 1997; 21: 375-379

15 Lozato PA, Pisella PJ, Baudouin C. The lipid layer of the lacrimal tear film: physiology and pathology. J Fr Ophtalmol2001; 24 (6): 643-658

16 Mathers WD, Daley TE. Tear flow and evaporation in patients with and without dry eye. Ophthalmology 1996; 103: 664-669

17 McCulley JP, Shine W. A compositional based model for the tear film lipid layer. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1997; 95: 79-88; discussion 88-93

18 McKeen D, Roth H, Doane M. Ocular drug delivery by the lid (lower lid delivery). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1996; 37: 77

19 Miano F, Mazzone M, Giannetto A et al. Interface properties of simplified tear-like fluids in relation to lipid and aqueous layers composition. Adv Exp Med Biol 2002; 506 (Pt A): 405-417

20 Nagyova B, Tiffany JM. Components responsible for the surface tension of human tears. Curr Eye Res 1999; 19: 4-11

21 Norn MS. Natural fat in external eye. Vital-stained by Sudan III powder. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) 1980; 58: 331-336

22 Peters K, MillarTJ. The role of different phospholipids on tear break-up time using a model eye. Curr Eye Res 2002; 25

23 Rolando M, Refojo MF, Kenyon KR. Increased tear evaporation in eyes with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Arch Ophthalmol 1983; 101 : 557-558

24 Roth HW, Koulen-Reitz G, Brunk G. Zur Langzeittherapie des Trockenen Auges mit einem Liposomenspray. Augenspiegel 2002; 48 (9): 54-58

25 Schäfer W. Wywiol V. Lecithin der unvergleichliche Wirkstoff. Frankfurt/Main: Verlag Alfred Strothe, 1986

26 Shimazaki J, Goto E, Ono M et al. Meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with Sjogren syndrome. Ophthalmology 1998; 105 (8): 1485-1488

27 Shimazaki J, Sakata M.Tsubota K. Ocular surface changes and discomfort in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction. Arch Ophthalmol 1995; 113: 1266-1270

28 Shine WE, McCulley JP. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca associated with meibomian secretion polar lipid abnormality. Arch Ophthalmol 1998; 116: 849-852

29 Shine WE, McCulley JP. Polar lipids in human meibomian gland secretions. Curr Eye Res 2003; 26: 89-94

30 Shine WE, McCulley JP. Surface characteristics of a model tear film polar lipid layer. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci (ARVO) 2000; 41: 341

31 Strempel I, Roth HW. Zur Therapie des Trockenen Auges mit einem Spray. Augenspiegel 1999; 45 (11 ): 16-21

32 Sullivan BD, Evans JE, Cermak JM et al. Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome: effect on human meibomian gland secretions. Arch Ophthalmol 2002; 120 (12): 1689-1699

33 Sullivan DA, Sullivan BD, Evans JE et al. Androgen deficiency, Meibomian gland dysfunction, and evaporative dry eye. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002; 966: 211-222

34 Tsubota K, Monden Y, Yagi Y et al. New treatment of the dry eye: the effect of calcium ointment through eyelid skin delivery. Br J Ophthalmol 1999; 83: 767-770

35 Report of the International Dry Eye Work Shop (Dew) April 2007 Volume 5, Number 2; 13-14

36 “A new therapy concept for the treatment of dry eye - the usefulness if phospholipids liposomes” KlimMonatsbl Augenheilkd 2004 oct. 221:825-36p
 
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tioretin collirio
Composition
 
Retinyl Palmitate (VIT. A)
Tocopherol (VIT. E)
Hydrogenated Phospholipids
N-hydroxymethyl Glycinate
Disodium EDTA
Monobasic sodium phosphate
Dibasic sodium phosphate
Sodium Chloride
Purified Water
 
Description

LACRISEK® is a Vitamin A, Vitamin E and Liposome-based eye spray.

LACRISEK® spray functionally supports the fatty component present in the palpebral fissure and therefore limits the loss of tear fluid in dry-eye disorders.

Vitamins A and E, known for their soothing, emollient properties, in synergy with liposomes (hydrogenated phospholipids), provide functional support to the lipid component present in the palpebral fissure. The lipid component of the tear film is fundamental in the tear-fluid containment function, as well as control of its evaporation.

Liposome is a spherical microvescicle (nano-particle) formed by a wall made up of a double layer of lipids (phospholipids) containing an aqueous solution. They [sic] can be defined as natural lipids capable of restoring and implementing [sic] the lipid deficit of the tear film in cases of dry-eye syndrome.

The use of Lacrisek spray aids the functionality of the fatty secretions of the glands of the eye margins (Meibomian, Zeiss and Moll Glands), contributing to the stabilization of the lipid component of the tear film.

 
Product Use

INDICATIONS
Supplement to the lipid component of the palpebral fissure in the presence of inflammatory processes of the eyelid. Indicated in the treatment of tear-gland dysfunction from increased evaporation (eyelid disorders, computer work).

METHOD OF USE
Spray on each eye, keeping the eyes closed, from a distance of about 10 cm.
Apply 3-4 times a day.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Apply 1-2 sprays of LACRISEK® spray on the eye, keeping the eyes closed.
It is recommended that LACRISEK® spray be applied 3-4 times a day.
In the case of severe conditions, LACRISEK® spray can be applied even more often.
Spray the product on the closed eye from a distance of about 10 cm.
LACRISEK® spray can also be used in the presence of cosmetics: in that case, apply just one spray from a greater distance (about 20 cm). Upon first use, pump repeatedly until the first spray comes out.

PACKAGE
8 ml bottle.
 
 
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